Common ground Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Shared belief - Essay Example Preceding common war, crude food materials were flooding the market since individuals arranged food like bread, cheddar, vegetable and so on from the crude material, either purchased from the nearby store or home developed. Late nineteenth and mid twentieth century saw the appearance of handled food which promptly caught the enthusiasm of the purchaser. Readymade food overflowed the market and ‘two minute’ noodle turned into the fever. Correspondingly, the paint business likewise went under change. Innovation just as the inventive way to deal with painting, turned into a moment hit with the buyers who adored the new innovation. The rising paint businesses purchased the littler ones and developed quickly, contacting extraordinary statures in a nearly brief timeframe. The changing purchaser prerequisite turned into an imperative market technique in the coming years which saw the rise of new modern unrest that had some expertise in making new market. The quick mechanical headway turned into the lobby sign of post common war period. The relating change in the shopper conduct was one of the most convincing component in advancing quick industrialization which was profoundly unique in thoughts and got capable in abusing the market request that was deliberately made. Henceforth the shared conviction of both the article is the changing customer request which moved from the conventional family unit ventures to exceptionally indigenous and innovatively propelled enterprises in region of open intrigue and

National Alcohol Action Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

National Alcohol Action Plan - Essay Example The reasonable for this proposition is in various lawful disputes. To start with, kids are considered as individuals who are not experienced enough to take choices all alone (ALAC). Realizing that the utilization of liquor accompanies various concoction impacts that limit the degree at which an individual can take choices unequivocally, it is indicated that in the event that with youngsters who need to take choices while they are inebriated their critical capacities could be intensified. What is much more dreadful, in light of the fact that youngsters are for the most part thought to be individuals who can't take substantial choices, they are for the most part not considered responsible for their activities including times when they are smashed. For grown-ups, they should confront the outcomes of overstepping different laws and guidelines in the event that they don't notice to the support to be judicious in their drinking and get themselves into any type of difficulty (Babor et al., 2001). Review of the Existing Law The current law has for the most part been alluded to as removal of torment. This award may have come to fruition because of the open recognition related with the cruelty of the law in attempting to control the issue of liquor addiction in the land. A little logical diagram on liquor addiction or the demonstration of getting inebriated shows that there could be various negative repercussions on guilty parties (Center for Social and Health Outcomes Research and Evaluations, 2006). Above all else, liquor abuse accompanies an unsafe wellbeing dangers including those that influence the heart, switch and lungs (Department of Corrections, 2004). The act of getting inebriated additionally influences the judiciousness of an individual and could be related with twisted reasoning. Such misshaped thinking makes individuals act unusually. Despite legitimate positivism, which takes a gander at the utilization of law from social realities, it be said that once an individual starts to think nonsensically, that individual will undoubtedly overstep different laws; including regular laws, for example, the harmony that individuals should appreciate, physical ambush, boisterous attack and a few types of vandalism. As a result, a law that looks to prevent individuals from getting inebriated would not be promptly censured as cynical. In any case, here comes the contention that the current law did not depend on the arrangements of lawful authenticity as it has its criticizing properties from the Bible †an archive that isn't acknowledged by the individuals as the coupling constitution from which they ought to be rules. Qualities of the Existing Law The

Meth Mouth The Effects of Methamphetamines on Teeth

Meth Mouth The Effects of Methamphetamines on Teeth Addiction Drug Use Meth Print The Effects of Methamphetamines on Dental Health By Tammy Davenport  Tammy Davenport is a dental assistant with experience on the clinical and administrative side. Learn about our editorial policy Tammy Davenport Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 08, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 23, 2020  Daniel Kaesler / EyeEm  / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Meth Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Methamphetamine, also known simply as meth, is a strong stimulant street drug thats highly addictive. The use of methamphetamines can cause serious health issues, including severe and highly visible problems with the mouth and teeth. In fact, the association between methamphetamine use and dental disease has become so popularized in media that its been given its own epithet: meth mouth.?? What Is Meth Mouth? “Meth mouth” is a term used to describe the visible effects of oral disease in a person who uses methamphetamine because of the rampant tooth decay that often occurs with the drugs use. People who use methamphetamine may have blackened, stained, broken, or rotting teeth both as a result of side effects of the drug itself and related lifestyle factors.?? While meth mouth is not a clinical diagnosis, according to the American Dental Association, there is a high rate of both dental decay and periodontal disease among people who use methamphetamine. Results of a study published in the Journal of the American Dental Association found, in a group of 571 methamphetamine users:?? 96% had tooth decay31% were missing 6 or more teethOnly 23% had all of their natural teeth6% of older meth users had fewer than 10 teeth40% admitted that they were embarrassed about their dental appearance How Meth Can Damage Your Mouth Methamphetamine use damages dental health in several ways:?? Poor diet: Under the influence of meth and often during withdrawal, people often experience cravings for sugary foods and carbonated beverages, which are bad for teeth.Lack of dental hygiene: The meth high can last up to 12 hours, during which time users often do not practice good dental hygiene such as brushing or flossing, which leave the sugary substances on their teeth for long periods of time.Drug additives: The acidic contents of this drug can also damage teeth. Additives can include battery acid, lantern fuel, antifreeze, hydrochloric acid, drain cleaner, lye, and over-the-counter cold medications containing ephedrine.Bruxism: Methamphetamine use can lead to the development of bruxism, a condition in which people clench and/or grind their teeth.Xerostomia: Stimulant use, including meth, can also lead to xerostomia, or dry mouth, reducing protective saliva around the teeth. Can Meth Mouth Be Reversed? A study of people who use meth in China found that more than 97% had decayed teeth, but prevalence of decay was lower among those who used meth for fewer years and those who brushed their teeth at least twice per day.?? But even when practicing good dental hygiene, its difficult to prevent the dental damage that often occurs with meth use. And while less serious cases of tooth decay can be treated, it cant be reversed. In fact, using methamphetamine can cause decay to the extent that the teeth cannot be saved and must be pulled instead. Unfortunately, there is not much that a dentist can do for a patient with meth mouth and successful treatment usually includes tooth extraction rather than reversal of the oral disease. Ultimately, the best course of treatment for someone living with oral disease caused by meth use is to treat the addiction. The dentist may choose to educate patients on the effects of the drug and offer resources such as drug counseling services. Treating meth addiction is usually a long, ongoing process that requires medical detox along with ongoing therapy and social support to prevent a relapse. A Word From Verywell The physical appearance meth mouth is often shocking, and studies have shown that people who experience it are self-conscious about their appearance.?? Unfortunately, dental disease is but one of the health problems associated with methamphetamine use. If you or a loved one suffers from meth addiction, talk to a doctor, therapist, or attend a support group. Help is available, but its important for you to take the first step and ask for it. Methamphetamine: Everything You’ve Been Afraid to Ask

The Application Of Lakoff s Family Based Models - 1248 Words

Chapter Four: Methods Introduction This study essentially investigates the application of Lakoff’s family-based models in the American electoral speeches. A few previous studies have already conducted to answer the question of how to apply Lakoff’s cognitive models to the analysis of political discourse. The discussion in the previous chapter shows how (Cienki 2004, 2005a, b, Ahrens and Yat Mei Lee 2009, Ahrens 2006, 2011) attempt to put Lakoff’s cognitive models into an empirical investigation in order to find out how political actors construct their political discourse. The conclusion of chapter 3 shows that these studies test specific hypotheses in well-compiled data and follow a clear methodology. However, the researchers find some shortcomings in their investigations. This investigation attempts to avoid making the same pitfalls that have been described by following an alternative procedure of applying SF and NP morality models. As discussed in chapter three (sections 3.1, 3.1.1, 3.1.2), SF and NP models indicate Lakoff’s prediction about conservatives and progressives way of thinking. Lakoff predicts that if political actors of both parties adopt either SF or NP moral standpoint, accordingly this will affect the politicians’ framing of ideas, issues and will shape the policy they adopt. For Lakoff (1996) the SF and the NP models represent internalized cognitive way of thinking and ultimately acting. They are cognitive models that indicate separate ideologicalShow MoreRelatedArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 Pagesied ImJournal of Consumer Research, Inc. Speaking of Art as Embodied Imagination: A Multisensory Approach to Understanding Aesthetic Experience Author(s): Annamma  Joy and John  F.  Sherry, Jr. Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 30, No. 2 (September 2003), pp. 259-282 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/376802 . Accessed: 22/10/2012 06:18 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms ConditionsRead MoreChapter 11  · Content Analysis: Understanding Text and Image Additional Resources2592 Words   |  11 Pages M.P., Bruess, C. S. (1993). The fairy tale theme in popular culture: A semiotic analysis of Pretty Woman. Women’s Studies in Communication, 16(2), 86–104. Uses semiotic analysis of codes within the â€Å"fairy tale† narrative structure of the film Pretty Woman to understand how sexual stereotypes work. Floch, J. (2001). Semiotics, marketing and communication. Beneath the signs, the strategies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. An overview of semiotic theory and its application using specific examplesRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 Pagesied ImJournal of Consumer Research, Inc. Speaking of Art as Embodied Imagination: A Multisensory Approach to Understanding Aesthetic Experience Author(s): Annamma  Joy and John  F.  Sherry, Jr. Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 30, No. 2 (September 2003), pp. 259-282 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/376802 . Accessed: 22/10/2012 06:18 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms ConditionsRead MoreChapter 11  · Content Analysis: Understanding Text and Image Additional Resources2599 Words   |  11 PagesP., Bruess, C. S. (1993). The fairy tale theme in popular culture: A semiotic analysis of Pretty Woman. Women’s Studies in Communication, 16(2), 86–104. Uses semiotic analysis of codes within the â€Å"fairy tale† narrative structure of the film Pretty Woman to understand how sexual stereotypes work. Floch, J. (2001). Semiotics, marketing and communication. Beneath the signs, the strategies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. An overview of semiotic theory and its application using specific examplesRead MoreModern Society s Criminal Justice System3383 Words   |  14 Pagesand punishment. Intensifying expansion of the prison industrial complex and harsher criminal punishment progresses under the auspices of monetary gain. Deteriorating political support for the rehabilitative ideal started in the 1970’s, transitioning to a punishment model. The social practice of mass imprisonment is impacted by the language and communication of everyday life, specifically, it is influenced by the deliberate framing of rhetoric and issues within political discourse and the normalizationRead MoreExample Research: Critical Discourse Analysis9514 Words   |  39 Pagesuncritical) paradigms of the 1960s and 1970s. CDA is not so much a direction, school, or specialization next to the many other approaches in discourse studies. Rather, it aims to offer a different mode or perspective of theorizing, analysis, and applic ation throughout the whole field. We may find a more or less critical perspective in such diverse areas as pragmatics, conversation analysis, narrative analysis, rhetoric, stylistics, sociolinguistics, ethnography, or media analysis, among others. CrucialRead MorePeculiarities of Euphemisms in English and Difficulties in Their Translation19488 Words   |  78 Pagesreligion. These topics seem to be cross cultural. A linguistic consequence of cultural taboos is the creation of euphemisms. The euphemism as a linguistic phenomenon shows no signs of disappearing. In present-day English euphemisms are mostly based on some social and ethical standard of behavior, on the desire not to hurt people‘s feelings (lodger- paying guest), to soften painful news, and very often superstition. A prominent source of synonymic attraction is still furnished by interjectionsRead MoreThe Importance of Teaching Culture in the Foreign Language Classroom9379 Words   |  38 Pagescertain premises). To the propositional knowledge, one might add the procedural knowledge to carry out tasks such as cooking, weaving, farming, fishing, giving a formal speech, answering the phone, asking for a favor, writing a letter for a job application (Duranti, 1997: 28-29). Clearly, everyday language is â€Å"tinged† with cultural bits and pieces—a fact most people seem to ignore. By the very act of talking, we assume social and cultural roles, which are so deeply entrenched in our thought processes

Essay about Dont Be Afraid to Die in Socrates Phaedo

Throughout the course of the Phaedo, Socrates argues that the soul is immortal. Because he believes that his soul will live on forever, Socrates claims that he is not afraid to die. Socrates was sentenced to death and due to the fact that he took the poison earlier than when was necessary, many believe that he committed suicide. Contrary to what may be presumed about Socrates’ death, I will argue that he is a martyr and did not commit suicide. Suicide is defined as taking one’s life for the sake of oneself. Killing oneself, does not necessarily mean suicide because suicide is inherently selfish and completely focused on the individual. The reason for killing oneself changes whether it is suicide or not. Suicide has a very negative†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I do not expect any benefit from drinking the poison a little later, except to become ridiculous in my own eyes for clinging to life, and be sparing of it when there is none left† (152). He feels it is a waste of time â€Å"clinging on to life.† Instead, one should embrace death. Socrates explains that philosophy is the preparation for death. In other words, Socrates has spent the majority of his life preparing for the separation of his body and soul. â€Å"†¦the one aim of those who practice philosophy in the proper manner is to practice for dying and death† (101). He says that because our souls are immortal, we should embrace death and look forward to what it has to offer for our souls. To confirm this belief, Socrates again states, â€Å"†¦the freedom and separation of the soul from the body is called death†¦those who practice philosophy in the right way, we say, who always want to free the soul; and this release and separation of the soul from the body is the preoccupation of the philosophers† (104). A philosopher’s ambition, when looking toward death, is to free the soul from its body; therefore, when one dies, the soul lives on and the body does not. I believe that Socrates plays the role of a martyr because of his passion and dedication towards finding evidence that supports his argument that the soul is immortal. Because Socrates questioned authority he was sentenced the death penalty. Socrates has so much faith that the soul will live on forever, that heShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of Death And Death1300 Words   |  6 PagesOn the topic of death, a question had been made on whether immortality is preferable to dying. In Plato’s Phaedo, Socrates’ death scene, Socrates has one last philosophical conversation with his friends about what happens to the soul when it leaves the body after death. Socrates believes that the soul is immortal, meaning that it will live on even when the body does not. The themes in Phaedo are similar to those in Leo Tolstoy’s â€Å"The Death of Ivan Ilych,† which tells the story of a man named IvanRead MoreSocrates Worldview Of Socrates1855 Words   |  8 PagesPart 1: Socra tes’ Worldview Socrates is a widely renowned teacher, who has taught and demonstrated a variety of lessons that regard how he views the world. Socrates has described his view on morality, purpose, death, and the ultimate. He has spoken about these views through multiple texts including The Last Days of Socrates and they have been interpreted through the text Socrates by George Rudebusch. Through these worldviews, Socrates has given people the opportunity to expand their wisdom andRead MorePlato Is One Of The Greatest And Well Known Philosophers1388 Words   |  6 Pages Plato is one of the greatest and well known philosophers of all time. Born around 428 BC, Plato grew up in Greece learning from Socrates, another well known philosopher. Later in life, Plato taught Aristotle who was also a well known philosopher. His works of writing and thoughts about life have significantly impacted the Western culture in numerous ways. In selected readings of Plato, he seems to place importance on wisdom, and how to attain wisdom. Plato argues that in order to attain pure knowledgeRead MoreSocratic Ethics Essay2636 Words   |  11 Pagesthe rightness and wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives and ends of such actions. Socrates discusses this many times in his teachings, specifically in the readings, Euthyphro, the Apology, the Crito and the Phaedo. Socrates’ main question was â€Å"What is the good life?† and his pursuit was to find out how to live this â€Å"good life†. Socrates’ pursuit of the â€Å"good life† helped him to identify knowledge with virtue. He equated knowledge with good or virtue andRead MorePlato Reflection Paper1076 Words   |  5 PagesI remember growing up through the years, and I was always taught that once you die, your soul would float up to heave and that’s how you would live the rest of your days. This was my conception of the self; you would live out your days on earth but ascend to heaven once it was your time. Plato’s conception of the self is different from mine and is very interesting. Plato describes that your soul is immortal and that your body is just an obstacle for your body, that you gain all of this wisdom fromRead MoreGod, Religion and Plato1293 Words   |  5 Pagesforms do not mix, like beauty and goodness are completely separate forms. They are simple in that they can’t be broken down; they just are beauty or goodness. Finally they are eternal meaning that the forms don ’t die out like the things on earth, they have no physical body and therefor cannot die. Plato says that things on earth can participate in the forms in the sense that they reflect that form. If we take a flower for example, Plato would say that the flower reflects the form of beauty, since manyRead MorePlatos The Last Days of Socrates: Phaedo, Wisdom, and the Soul2420 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Read the following in Platos The Last Days of Socrates: Phaedo Wisdom and the Soul Plato sees death as a good thing and the way we can understand this is by reference to the Platonic forms. The platonic forms are the essence of the abstract; they are the purity and the true Good that are clouded by materialism. For instance, we have beauty that is hidden in aesthetic objects (or in love); we have Justice, Truth, and many other Ideals. Access to these Ideals affords us true bliss and Knowledge

The Geography of the Hawaiian Islands - 1381 Words

Mark Twain once described the Hawaiian Islands as â€Å"The loveliest fleet of islands that lies anchored in any ocean†. Hawaii is the most unique of the states of America. To further understand the geography of Hawaii, one must understand how Hawaii was formed, how Hawaii was populated, and understand what Hawaii came to be today. To begin, Hawaii is the longest chain of islands in the world. It was originally formed by a fissure more than 1600 miles long that lies along the floor of the Pacific Ocean that produced the Hawaiian ridge. Along the ridge then formed individual dorms that formed what we know today as the Hawaiian Islands (Webmaster). It is now over 3,300 kilometers long, made up of longs strings of islands and reefs (US†¦show more content†¦There became an inevitable influence of American plantations, but Hawaii knew if they lost their independence, they would be annexed by the United States (US Department of State). As the number of American plantations grew, their dissatisfaction with the Hawaiian government grew (US Department of State). Then in 1887, they forced the king to agree to an elected government ruled by the planters. Finally in 1893, the king was overthrown and the new government requested to be annexed by the United States right away (US Department of State). At first they refused, but then they were finally accepted as a territory in 1898 (US Department of State). Then after Alaska was accepted as a state, Hawaii was then added to the list of states for America. Hawaii is now seen as a major tourism spot, with more than 4.5 million people visiting the state every year (US Department of State). Americans and other citizens from neighboring countries flock to Hawaii for spring break, honeymoons, and business trips. But because of the current struggling economy, the major income for the state is declining at a shocking rate. Hawaii just suffered one of the worst winters as far as hotel occupancies, linked to tourism (Ma rtin). The rates were the lowest the have been in five years, dropping 75%, the lowest since the Persian Gulf War in 1991 (Martin). These problems are being increasingly influenced by the unwelcoming feelings towards business travel, especially with the recent problems withShow MoreRelated Hawaii Essay666 Words   |  3 Pages Hawaii: Paradise Island Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the physical geography, history and culture of Hawaii. Central Idea: We will see that Hawaii is a special place, by looking at its physical geography, history, and culture. Introduction I.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What comes to mind when you think of palm trees, beautiful beaches, luaus and hula dances? A.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hawaii B.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The â€Å"Aloha† state.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Read MoreHawaii Weather: Peculiarities and Hazards Essay1311 Words   |  6 PagesAs a popular vacation destination, the Hawaiian islands are well known for their predictable and relatively mild weather year round. However, there are wide variations in the weather depending on the exact location in the island chain. Also, there are some unique hazards to aviation operations caused by Hawaii’s location and geography that one must become acquainted with before operating an aircraft in the 50th state. One can encounter trade winds and their associated weather, temperature inversionsRead MoreOutside Influence On The Hawaii1234 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuals come to take part in the temperate weather and beautiful beaches. However, Hawaii now is nothing like it use to be - the real history behind this popular chain of islands is rarely told to visitors. Back in early Hawaiian times, Hawaii was self-suf ficient, independent, and gorgeous all around. The number of Native Hawaiians flourished, and everyone helped contribute to the community. All that changed, however, when outsiders began to settle here in Hawaii. Although the different outside influencesRead MoreEssay on Hawaii737 Words   |  3 PagesHawaii Hawaii is a state that attracts tourists because of its history, geography, entertainment, and culture. It is well known for its volcanoes, beaches, and climate. For these reasons, tourism is the main thing Hawaii is known for. Hawaii was recordivly discovered on January 18, 1778, by 2 explorers, James Cook and Captain Clerke. They went to the shore of Kealakekua Bay, where they were greeted by cheering natives. Later, a native stole one of their boats, so Cook and some marinesRead MoreReggae Is Not Only A Type Of Music1560 Words   |  7 PagesFor indigenous communities throughout the world, reggae is not only a type of music, but a culture. One of the most worldwide forms of popular culture, reggae is able to be found in many communities, such as Native American, Aboriginal Australian, Hawaiian and Pacific. Reggae has a very well known and well defined associated culture. It must be kept in mind the appeal of the Rastafarian ‘lifestyle’ associated with the reggae genre. For many youth in indigenous communities, this lifestyle may be seenRead MoreA Community Characteristics Of The Hawaiian Culture912 Words   |  4 PagesNative Hawaiian. The assumption is that the Hawaiian culture involves more collectivistic families than individualistic families. Collectivist families have more group cohesion and collectivistic cultures make decisions based on the betterment of the group. The statistic that proves the previous statement is there ar e 1,673 households out of the total 8,383 with 7 or more people living in one household (Census Bureau, 2010). The languages spoken in Honolulu include Tagalog, English, Hawaiian, and PidginRead MoreWhat Is The Geography Of The Us824 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States Geography The United States is located in the center of the North America continent. It is the second largest country in the continent and the fourth largest in the whole world after Russia, Canada, and China. Its total area is 3.797 million square miles (9.834 million square kilometers). The Bodies of Water in the U.S. In the United States, there is a really large river system called the Mississippi/Missouri river system. The system has the longest river in the North America andRead More Geography Essay2204 Words   |  9 Pages Introduction and Climate The state of Hawaii is composed of 132 islands, reefs and shoals that extend for over 1500 miles across the central North Pacific Ocean from the quot;Big Islandquot; of Hawaii to midway and Kure Atolls. The eight main islands of Hawaiian Archipelago include Hawaii, Maui, Oahu, Kauai, Molokai, Lanai, Nihau and Kahoolawe (listed in order of size) which extend for only 350 miles at the south-eastern end of the volcanic mountain chain. Hawaii includes some of the earth’sRead MoreKilauea and Mt St Helens Comparison804 Words   |  4 PagesGeography study on the differences Between the volcanoes MT st Helens and Kilauea Kilauea is a volcano in the Hawaiian Islands it is one of the five shield volcanoes in the Hawaiian language Kilauea means spewing or spreading. Mt St. Helens is an active stratovolcano in Washington it is named after British diplomat lord st Helens. There are many differences between the volcanoes for example the explosivity of the two volcanoes most recent eruptions are completely different Kilauea is almostRead MoreThe Eruption Of Kilauea Volcano2185 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract The home of Pele, the Hawaiian volcano goddess, Kilauea Volcano has been erupting for the last 30 years. Since January 3, 1983, the world has stopped to look at the lava flowing out of the crevices of the crater. However, despite the meaning of the name, Kilauea in Hawaiian (which translates to â€Å"spewing† or â€Å"much spreading†), many scientists are amazed that the volcano has a continuous flow (USGS 1,2,3). Nonetheless, as the East Rift Zone spreads, Kilauea has started overflowing; and the

Analysis of Nike by Porter Five Forces Model Essay Example For Students

Analysis of Nike by Porter Five Forces Model Essay Family name Bao First name Cheng ( Steven ) Title: The analysis of Nike in athletic footwear market based on porter’s Five forces model 1. Introduction One and a half months ago, the biggest athletic event in the world  ultimately drew its curtains after a pitched one-month-long battle, which saw thirty-two teams vying for the roll of honor of being crowned the final kings of football – the World Champions – and earn bragging rights for four years at least. It was not only a world war among 32 national teams, but also a white war among several major sponsors. Concentrating on those big-name stars, spectators would easily find that Adidas and Nike became the largest winners among various brands, obtaining the sponsorship of 12 and 9 among the 32 teams respectively. Coincidentally, in the current athletic footwear market, Nike control the largest market share though facing enormous challenges from both existing and potential competitors. This essay will base on the Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model, analyze both the internal and external competitive factors of NIKE, unearth the deep secret for NIKE as the market leader, and look forward to the future athletic footwear market. 2. 1 The theory of Michael Porter’s Five forces Model The strategic management model and focal pointfocal point n. See focus. .. Click the link for more information. of this article is known as the Five Forces Model (Barney, 1996, p. 6). Its originator, Dr. Michael PorterThis article or section needs sources  or  references that appear in reliable, third-party publications. Alone, primary sources and sources affiliated with the subject of this article are not sufficient for an accurate encyclopedia article. .. Click the link for more information. , University Professor at Harvard Business SchoolHarvard Business School, officially named the Harvard Business School: George F. Baker Foundation, and also known as HBS, is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University. .. Click the link for more information. , developed the tool for competitive advantage analysis within specific industries. As shown in the figure, the models core thought is proceeding from internal competition among the industry and comprehensively taking account of the external competitive factors, to have an insight into both the advantages and disadvantages of enterprise so as to make niche-targeting strategic plans. To recognize and clarify the main strength and weakness in the competition, I will use the Michael Porter’s Five forces Model as a master tool to launch the following analysis. 2. 2 The pressure from external It is a piece of fatty meat for many merchants due to the high yield of the athletic footwear market. Take Nike as an example, its Rate of Return on Sales = net income/revenue = 1486. 7 divided by 19176. 1 = 0. 07752. This ratio shows that Nike earns 7 cents for every dollar in sales(Annual Report of Nike, Fiscal 2009, p21). Yet is it really that easy for other investors to make profits ? To recognize the prospect of the athletic footwear market, the headmost four forces should be considered. At the first place, the threat of substitute products or services seldom exists so that it can hardly threaten the existing footwear market. The footwear is part of the daily necessities, and athletic ones are also obligatory and inevitable for sports. Even more important, diverse sports are in various need of sneakers, which results in the unshakable large amount of demand in athletic footwear market. Then, the bargaining power of the suppliers and customers should be thought over. For Nike, the bargaining power of suppliers is limited as it has vast raw material sources around the world. In fiscal 2009, the contract suppliers of Nike in China, Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand manufactured 36%, 36%, 22% and 6% of total NIKE brand footwear, respectively(Annual Report of Nike, Fiscal 2009, p4). .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af , .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .postImageUrl , .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af , .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af:hover , .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af:visited , .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af:active { border:0!important; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af:active , .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucef2aad90a9171f418dff5ccbd2b11af:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Vegetarianism EssayEach one takes on a small proportion of the whole manufacturing, so that suppliers has limited bargaining powers. Similarly, due to the astronomical figure of customers, the customers of Nike also only has limited bargaining powers. Though Nike cannot wantonly raise the price of their products under stress of other competitors, the earning yield and its market position can hardly be influenced by the minority group of suppliers and customers. Another threat is coming from the potential new entrants. However, the high barrier to entry, as well as the limited remaining market share and market growth, gives rise to the flinch of other manufactors. With the lowest market share and lowest market growth, new entrants are just to keep the dogs as the BCG matrix shows(BCG Matrix, 1968). A brief utimateness can be drawn up that the destructive power outside the footwear industry hardly exists and can seldom influence the market share and profitability of Nike. 2. 3 The rivalry among existing competitors According to the Commerzbank Equity Research(28th Feb,2008), NIKE was the clear market leader, with 31% of the global athletic footwear market in 2007, followed by ADIDAS and PUMA, occupying 16% and 7% of the market respectively. It is true that NIKE is still the leader in the athletic footwear market though the challenges are enormous. According to the Black Book-Nike Reebok(Sanford C. Bernstein Co. LLC, 2001), â€Å"one of the company’s biggest competitive advantages is the focus, dedication and relative homogeneity of the manager team, though it is occasionally a weakness as well. Yet the truly crucial factors of NIKE’s competitive may be its edge. NIKE initiates and consistently executes the outsourced manufacturing strategy, which helps it to decline its factory cost and expand the scale of production. This is the main advantage of NIKE comparing with some local production facilities. In terms of sales, the ordering and distribution strategy induces the fluent g oods flow and few warehouse stocks of NIKE. And it will also lead to higher service levels, satisfied customers and efficient workforce (Werner Wagenaar, 2009). Meanwhile, the large amounts of adverting and promotion expense were as much as $2351. 3 million, $2308. 3 million, and $1912. 4 million in 2009, 2008, and 2007 respectively(Annual Report of NIKE, fiscal 2009), which helped NIKE to build a fantastic brand image and earn the support among the public. As contenders, other brands also have some incomparable advantages. For example, Adidas has implanted the brand image of local culture in the USA, and controlled the largest soccer sportswear market, which is far ahead of Nike. To maintain the role of market leader, Nike should not only hold its existing advantages, but also seed for breaks in advanced science and technology and formulate immediate and flexible strategies according to the changeable market, and 3. Conclusion To sum up, Nike has control the highest market share while the market growth is low, which means Nike is now at a position as a cash cow (BCG Matrix, 1968). Comparing with the internal rivalry among the existing competitors, Nike faces less stress from external. The threat of new entrants can hardly hurt the fundamental interests of Nike, as well as the suppliers and customers with limited bargaining power. However, it is also not easy for Nike to maintain the lead position in the athletic footwear market, as there exits lots of envious and powerful competitors. REFERENCES Barney, J. (1996). Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. New YorkNew York, state, United States New York,  Middle Atlantic state of the United States. It is bordered by Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and the Atlantic Ocean (E), New Jersey and Pennsylvania (S), Lakes Erie and Ontario and the Canadian province of .. .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d , .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .postImageUrl , .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d , .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d:hover , .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d:visited , .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d:active { border:0!important; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d:active , .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8bb2984db5cfc9524020f0662311fb2d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Emma EssayClick the link for more information. : Addison-Wesley. Bertalanffy, L. (1956). General systems yearbook, Vol. 1. Washington, DC: Society for General Systems Research. Porter, M. E. , Millar, V. E. (]985, July-August). How information gives you competitive advantage. Harvard Business ReviewHarvard Business Review is a general management magazine published since 1922 by Harvard Business School Publishing, owned by the Harvard Business School. A monthly research-based magazine written for business practitioners, it claims a high ranking business readership and .. Click the link for more information.. G3(4), 151 Annual Report of NIKE, fiscal 2009. http://media. corporate-ir. net/media_files/irol/10/100529/AnnualReport/nike-sh09-rev2/docs/Nike_2009_10-K. pdf Boston Consulting Group analysis, 1968 , The Star, the Dog, the Cow and the Question Mark http://www. bcg. com/about_bcg/history/history_1968. aspx Commerzbank , Christoph Dolleschal, adidas, Equity Research, , 28 February 2008 Sanford C. Bernstein Co. LLC, 2001, Black Book-Nike Reebok: Changes Afoot. Bernstein Global Wealth Management, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York New York 10105-0096,United States of America